Sikh Movement
The Sikh Movement had origins in the medieval period. Sikhism
was born at a time when there was a growing conflict amongst the two dominating
religious traditions of Hinduism and Islam in India.
The Ten Sikh
Gurus
There was a total of ten Sikh Gurus. Guru Nanak was
followed by nine successive Gurus.
|
Name of the Guru |
Description About the
Sikh Gurus |
|
1.Guru Nanak
|
Ø He is the first Sikh Guru. Ø He is the founder of Sikhism. Ø Guru Nanak, the founder of the Sikh faith, was born in Talwandi (near
Lahore in Pakistan), now known as Nankana Sahib in Pakistan and belonged to
Bedi gotra in 1469. Ø Guru Nanak received his early education in Sanskrit and Persian. Ø He was one of the greatest saints of the Bhakti movement. Ø Guru Nanak preached through kirtans, bhajans and ragas. Ø His main teachings can be summarised as- § Faith in one true lord. § Worship of name. § Necessity of guru in worship of the name. § Concept of God was Nirguna(attribute less) & Nirankar(formless). |
|
2.Guru Angad
Dev
|
Ø He is the second Sikh Guru. Ø He standardised and popularised the Gurumukhi script of Punjabi
language. Ø Guru Angad compiled the compositions of Guru Nanak, to which he added
his own in a new script known as Gurmukhi. Ø Gurmukhi became the sole medium for the sacred writings of the Sikhs. Ø Guru Granth Sahib, the holy book of Sikhs, is written in Gurmukhi
script. |
|
3.Guru Amar
Das (1479 – 1574) |
Ø He is the third Sikh Guru. Ø He strengthened the Sikh movement by starting the institutions of
Manjis and Piris. Ø Preached against the Hindu Society’s Sati System, advocated widow
remarriage and asked the women to discard Purdah. |
|
4.Guru Ram Das (1534 – 1581) |
Ø He is the fourth Sikh Guru. Ø Composed the four Lawans(stanzas) of the Anand Karaj, a distinct
marriage code for Sikhs. Ø He dad very cordial relations with Akbar. Ø He laid the foundation of the holy city of Amritsar (Ramdas Pur),
which later developed as the spiritual capital of the Sikh faith. |
|
5.Guru Arjun
Dev (1563 – 1606) |
Ø He is the fifth Sikh Guru. Ø He was the son and successor of Guru Ram Dass. Ø He built the Harmandar, which is popularly known as the Golden Temple,
and compiled and installed the Holy Book, the Guru Granth, therein. Ø Completed construction of Amritsar, Taran Taran & Kartarpur. |
|
6.Guru
Hargobind (1595 – 1644) |
Ø He is the sixth Sikh Guru. Ø Waged wars against rulers Jahangir & Shah Jahan & defeated a Mughal
army at Sangrama. Ø Gave Miri Piri concept(keeping two knives). Ø He built Akal Takhat, the Throne of the Immortal, and declared it as
the centre of Sikh temporal authority. |
|
7.Guru Har Rai (1630 – 1661) |
Ø He is the seventh Sikh Guru. Ø He continued the mission of his predecessors. Ø Sheltered Dara Shikho(Brother of Aurangzeb). |
|
8.Guru Har
Kishan (1656 – 1664) |
Ø He is the eighth Sikh Guru. Ø He cured the victims of smallpox in Delhi and is remembered in the
daily Sikh prayer as the one whose very sight dispels all miseries. |
|
9.Guru Teg
Bahadur (1621 – 1675) |
Ø He is the ninth Sikh Guru. Ø Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on the orders of Aurangzeb. |
|
10.Guru Govind
Singh (1666 – 1708) |
Ø He is the tenth and last Sikh Guru. Ø The last Guru organised the Sikhs into a disciplined, military order
of Sikh-saints called Khalsa (the pure). Ø He established the five symbols of Sikhism: Kangha (comb), Kesh (long hair), Kada (iron bracelet), Kachcha (underwear) and Kirpan (sword or dagger). |
জ্ঞ্যানজ্যোতি কোচিং সেন্টার
তোমাদের উজ্বল ভবিষ্যৎ গড়ে তুলব আমরা, এটাই আমাদের প্রতিশ্রুতি
অনলাইনে কোচিং নিতে হলে এবং বিভিন্ন নোট নিতে হলে এই নাম্বারে কল করুন।
